树梢;梢 top
生长活力;生长潜力 vigour
生长形;生长型;生育型 growth form
末端直径;末口直径;末径 top (end) diameter;small end diameter
主林木;主伐木;收获树 final crop tree;future tree;crop tree
容许误差 allowance
增长量;生长(量);增量 increment
生长锥 increment borer
增长系数;生长率;生长系数 increment coefficient
受压木;中庸木 intermediate tree
株距;株距值 tree spacing
平均年生长量;龄级平均增长量 mean annual increment
树高生长曲线 height curve;height development curve;height age curve
人工新造林地;次生幼龄林 establishment
算术平均树高 arithmetic mean height
算术平均直径 arithmetic mean diameter
人工幼龄林;人造幼龄林 pre-thicket
母树林;选留木林分;特优母树林elite stand;selected stand;selected crop
树种混淆;混淆 species mixture;mixture
杆材木;老龄林 pole size timber
树层;乔木层 tree layer
立木株数;株数;立木数 number of stems
建造期;成林期间 establishment period
树冠被覆;林冠披覆 cover;crown cover;canopy cover
林分密度 stand density
林分发育;林分生育期(阶段) stand development;development of a stand
林分形数 stand form factor
林分胸高断面积;林分胸高断面积合计 stand basal area
林内孔隙;林隙;林分未遮蔽率 clearing
林分剖面;林分断面图 stand profile;cross-section of a stand
林分结构;林分构造 stand structure;constitution of a stand;structure of a stand
蓄积结构;蓄积构造 growing stock structure
立木度;林分密度指数 stand density index
地位级;立地位级 site class
可利用材积生长量;利用材积生长量 merchantable timber increment
郁闭期;丛林;壮龄林 thicket
断面积平均木直径 quadratic mean diameter;diameter of mean basal area tree
断面积中央木直径;中央断面积直径 median dbh
40%百分位胸径;40%规则的平均胸径 mean dbh according to the 40% rule
直径分布 diameter distribution
平均总生长量;总平均生长量 mean gross increment
标准树高曲线 standard height curve
单层林 single-storied stand
冰霜害 ice damage
主伐林分;主伐木;主伐收获 final crop
暂植木;补植木 filler
总收获材积 total volume;total yield
郁闭林分;最大蓄积林分 fully stocked stand
同龄林;同龄林分 even-aged stand
均质林分;一齐林;均匀林分;同形林;同质林 uniform stand
树群;群 group;group of trees
伐期平均生长量 final mean annual increment;average yield class
主要树种 main tree species
主林分;主林木;主伐木 main crop;principal crop;main stand;principal stand
优势木 dominant crop
次要树种;副树种;补助的混交树种;经济价值少的树种 nurse species;auxiliary species;accessory species
断面积平均木树高 height of mean basal area tree;mean height
断面积中央木树高 median height
40%百分位树高;40%规则的树高 height according to the 40% rule
树高曲线 height curve;diameter-height curve
林分水平结构;林分水平构造 horizontal stand structure
团;灌木;树丛 see“ group”
未成熟材;未熟材 juvenile wood
幼龄生长;幼龄林;丛状林 thicket
每木调查表;调查表;检尺簿;野帐;明细表 tally sheet;measurement list
胸高断面积平均木;断面积平均木 mean basal area tree
冠层;林冠;树冠 canopy
树冠竞争;树冠竞合 crown competition
树冠层;林冠层 crown layer
树冠郁闭度;林冠密度 crown closure;crown cover
灌丛;树形不良林分;矮林;灌木林 scrub (stand)
连年总平均年生长量;连年生长量 total mean increment
复层林 multi-storied stand
混合(交)树种 associated species
林分平均胸高直径;林木平均直径 mean diameter;average diameter
林分平均树高 average height;stand height
平均树高 Lorey's mean height
中央木;平均木 mean tree
天然修枝;天然落枝;自行修枝 natural pruning;self pruning
次要树种;副树种;从属种 secondary species;subordinates pecies
附属林分 secondary crop
上层树高;上木高度 top height;height of dominant trees
强势木生产力 ;生产力指数;地位指数 productivity index
上层 overstor(e)y;uppermost layer;upper stor(e)y
上层木 overwood;upper crop
先驱树种 pioneer species;pioneer
形质生长(量) quality increment;increase in quality
成熟林 mature stand
纯林 pure stand;pure crop
采运损伤;出材损伤 extraction damage
采种林;母树林 seed stand;parent stand
损害;疵伤;损伤 defect;damage
树(林)冠疏密度 canopy density
雪害 snow damage
株距;干距 tree spacing;spacing(between trees);espacement
立木位置图;直径分布;胸径分布;树干分布;林木分布 dbh distribution
立地稳定性;立地强度 stability of stand
中龄林;杆材;小径木(林) pole stage;pole crop
风害 wind damage;storm damage
枯死木 dead trees
小群 see group
过熟林分;老龄过熟林分(木) overmature stand
异龄林 uneven-aged stand
不规则林;不整齐林 irregular stand
下层林;下层植生;下木 understor(e)y;underwood;undergrowth
留存木;主林木 main crop after thinning;residual stand
试验地;试验区;试区 experimental site;experimental area
林分垂直结构;林分垂直构造 vertical stand structure
主要树种 main species;principal species
立木蓄积;林木蓄积 growing stock
生长函数 growth function
指标林分 index stand;indicator stand;control stand
兽害;鹿伤害;动物危害 tree damage caused by forest fauna (trans.)
林分成长龄级;林分成长级数;自然的龄级 stand development class
生长空间;生育空间 growing sapce
中央木平均生长;增长量中央木;平均生长木 mean growth tree
生长率;增长百分比;成长率 increment percent;growth percent
二层林;二段林 two-storied
取样率 sampling intensity;sampling fraction;sampling rate
必要样本数;最少样本数 required sample size
调查;定期抽样调查 inventory
遥测;遥感探测 remote sensing
定期调查;追踪调查 periodic inventory
集团取样法 cluster sampling
分层取样;分层取出之样本 stratified sample
概估;粗略估计 rough estimate;raw estimate
断面积调整;断面积规整 basal area regulation
测高器 height meter
测树学 mensuration;dendrometry
森林调查;森林清查 inventory;forest inventory;forest survey
森林调查设计 inventory design
森林调查方法;森林清查方法 inventory method
水平样线法(直线样品) line-plot survey;line-plot;strip survey
列表样品;3P样品;列表取样 list sampling
航空照片判释 aerial photo interpretation
空中摄影测量 aerial photo (graphic) survey;aerial photo(graphic)inventory;aerial survey
空中三角测量 aerial photo triangulation
材积调查;蓄积推定 volume determination;(standing)timber determination;growing stock determination
数理统计学的样本分析 statistical analysis of inventory data
目视估计立木材积volume estimation by sight;ocular volume estimation
正射投影图(照片);正射图 orthophoto (graph)
定期调查;多相取样法 multiphase sampling
永久样区;连续森林调查法 continuous forest inventory with permanent samples
样区;标准地 sample plot
样区调查法 inventory by sample plots
机率比例取样法 proportional sampling;probability proportional to size(pps)
林分断面积调查仪;林分面积调查仪 (relascope) relascope;relascop
测高法;形数测高法 Pressler's method of height determination
林分株数调查 enumeration;tally
样本 sample
圆形样区法 sampling using a range of fixed radius plots
固定面积样区法;样本地法 fixed area sampling
变动面积样 区法;变动样区法;可变半径样区法 sampling using variable radius plots
取样;抽样 sampling
取样单元;抽样单位;取样单位 sampling unit
取样误差;样本误差 sampling error
取样法;取样调查法 sampling methods
取样数 sample number; sample size;size of a sample
样本分布 sampling unit distribution
分层;层次 stratification
层;层聚 stratum / strata
系统取样;系统抽样法 systematic sampling
系统误差 systematic error
林分特性估测 stand estimation;estimation of stand characteristics
估测法 appraisal method
连续森林调查的临时样本;连续的森林调查;变换样本的暂时样本 continuous forest inventory with changing samples (trans.)
材积计算 volume calculation;volume measurement
先驱调查;预备调查 pilot survey;pilot inventory
蓄积调查 inventory of growing stock
永久样区森林调查;连续森林调查 continuous forest inventory
生长量研究(试验);生长量调查 increment study
经营记帐单位;经营计划单位;记帐单位 management planning unit
伐采量;伐采收获 felling volume;felling yield
生产材明细表;生产材目录;堆积材明细表 product summary (trans.)
年伐量 annual cut;annual yield
执行稽核;实行照查(稽核) control of prescriptions
森林绩效检定;稽核簿;经营簿(监控) control of forest development(trans.)
经营簿;作业稽核;稽核簿 control of operation;work tracking
木材生产稽核;照查;稽核 control of forest production(trans.)
经营计划检订;施业计划检订 management plan revision;working plan revision
检尺 timber scaling;scaling of felled timber
经营计划的执行 plan of operations
森林稽查;森林踏查 forest inspectorate
经营计划期中检订;施业计划期中检定 management plan revision
经营计划;森林经理计划 operational (forest) planning
经营目标;施业目的;经营目的 management objective
经营目标类型;施业(经营)目的 type of management objective
经营计划手册;经营规定(指令);计划手册 management prescriptions;management instructions;management requlations
土地纯益论;土地纯收益说 theory of soil rent
林分经营计划;森林经营细部计划;林分经营计划 stand management planning
总收获量 total yield
坑木 minig timber;pit wood
主分类、木材主要等级 main assortment;main category
副产物 accessory product;by-product;minor product;minor produce
操作性的 operational
抚育目标;保育目的 tending objective
森林经营中期计划 forest management planning
生产目标(目的) production target
原木;圆木 round timber;round wood
制材原木(圆木);用材 sawlog
大径木;制材用材 sawlog stage
作业类转换;林相改良;作业种转换(变更) conversion
林相变更;作业转换(变更) transformation
更新目标(目的) regeneration target
生长加速;生长(率)增加 growth acceleration;increase in growth
育林目标 silvicultural objective;silvicultural goal
森林纯利论;森林纯利理论(说) theory of forest rent(al)
林经营,森林管理 management
森林经营目标(目的) forest management objective;management objective
目标直径(理想直径) target diameter
目标函数 objective function
生长加速;生长量增加 increase in growth rate
林型 stand type;crop type
土壤改良 soil improvement
生产计划 production planning;planning of production
造林;植林 afforestation;forestation
补植 filling in;beating up;reinforcement planting;filling of blanks
树种更替;树种变换(更) change of species;transformation
林分建造;造林、育林 establishment (of a stand);stand establishment;crop establishment
裸露地;未立木地;无立地木;空林地 clearing;unstocked area
土壤翻松;搅土;翻松;松土 scarification
补植林(在过去未植林地);补充造林;替代造林 compensatory planting
造林失败地;无立木地 blank;failure
森林植物;森林苗木 forest plants;planting stock
群状栽植;群状造林;块植 group planting;block planting
产地证明(书);产地认证 certificate of origin
人工更新 artificial regeneration
造林计划;栽植计划planting plan;afforestation plan;establishment plan
果实 mast
补植 replacement planting
种苗认证;种子认证;植物认证;种子保证单 certification of plants;certification of seed;certification of planting
造林;栽植 plantation
栽植距离;栽植间隔;植树间隔 planting sapce;planting distance;spacing of plants;espacement
择伐更新 regeneration in the selection system
纯林;单一栽培 monoculture
伐区;作业现场 cutting area;felling area;logging area;logging site
整地;生育地整治 site preparation;clearing of the felling area;site clearing
休闲期 reforestation interval
林下栽植;树下栽植;下木栽植 understor(e)y management
更新 regeneration
全面整地;全部耕耘 complete cultivation;full cultivation
上层保护更新;老林分造林;早期更新林分 advance planting
更新前期作业;前更新作业 advance regeneration;advance reproduction
森林更新 forest renewal
混农林业 agroforestry;agro-forestry
修枝;打枝;人工修枝 pruning;artificial pruning
抚育间伐;上层间伐 selective thinning
林分疏开 opening-up of a stand
林分抚育;抚育;保育;育林 stand tending
间伐;疏伐 thinning
间伐类型;间伐方式;疏伐型;疏伐法 thinning type;type of thinning;thinning method
间伐收获;(疏伐收获) thining yield
间伐强度;疏伐强度;间伐率;疏伐率 thinning intensity
间伐频度;疏伐频率 thinning frequency
间伐间隔;间伐周期;疏伐间隔;疏伐周期 thinning cycle;thinning interval
上层间伐;上层疏伐 thinning from above;high thinning
幼龄林抚育 tending during the prethicket and thicket stages (trans.)
冠层疏伐;上层疏伐 crown thinning
造林抚育 tending during the establishment stage (trans.)
除伐 cleaning
受光伐;受光疏伐;保育间伐 increment thinning;accretion thinning
树种混合率调节 control of mixture
自然淘汰 natural selection
下层间伐;下层疏伐 thinning from below;low thinning
抚育伐;整理伐;除伐 improvement felling;improvement cutting
抚育作业周期 cycle of tending operations
暴长木伐采;上木伐;自由伐;独立伐felling of wolf trees;liberation felling;liberation cut
清理伐;除伐 cleaning
间伐;前利用;中间利用 intermediate felling;intermediate
前利用量;中间利用量;间伐收获 intermediate yield
商业间伐;经济间伐;利用间伐 commercial thinning
主伐收获;伐期收获 final yield;yield of final crop
主伐面积;伐采面积 felling area
伐采木标示;林木记号 tree marking;timber marking
非正常伐采利用;临时伐采 extraordinary felling;extraordinary harvest
采木标示;伐采木(林木)标印;标记 tree marking;timber making
伐采 to fell
伐采量;收获量 harvest volume
终伐;主伐 preparatory felling;preparatory cutting;advance felling
收获费用;伐采费;伐出费 harvesting costs
倒向;伐倒方向 felling direction;direction of fall
伐采季节 felling season;cutting season
划伐;渐行伞伐;更新伐 progressive shelterwood felling
面积式伐采;伐区式皆伐 area-wise felling
疏开伐;离伐;自由伐 severance felling
群状(孔状)伞伐;孔状(群状)天然下种(更新)法 group shelterwood;group shelterwood system
成熟伐采;成熟的;可伐采的 exploitable;mature
伐采 harvest felling
伐期龄;砍伐适龄;轮伐期 felling age;exploitation age;rotation age
伐采界面;伐采前面;伐采剖面 felling face;felling front
木材收获;木材采运;伐运;伐木集运材 timber harvest;timber harvesting
皆伐;后伐 clearfell
皆伐迹地;皆伐面积 clearcut area;clearfell area
楔形伞伐(作业) shelterwood wedge system;wedge system
受光伐 overhead release felling
利用;林产物利用 utilisation;utilization
伐采方法;利用种类;伐采种类;伐采法;开发方式 exploitation method;harvest method
利用率;收获率 harvest percent
择伐 selection cutting;selection felling
群状划伐;孔状(群状)画伐 group advancement felling
终伐;清理伐;主伐 final cutting;final felling
开垦 deforestation;forest clearing
下种伐 seed cutting;seed felling;seeding cutting;seeding felling
带状伐采 strip felling;strip cutting
带状伞伐 shelterwood-strip felling
带状伐区;带状伐采迹地;带状伐采地(区) strip felled area
伞伐 shelterwood felling;shelterwood cutting
选伐;等级伐采;选优伐采 selective cutting;selective felling
更新伐 regeneration cutting;regeneration felling
预备伐 preparatory cutting
临时伐采;偶然伐采;强迫伐采 unregulated felling
龄级法 yield regultaion by age classes(trans.)
补偿期;平衡期;改良期 regulation period
更新面积 regeneration area
主伐收获;主伐收获量 final yield
标准伐采面积;标准保续伐采面积 yield regulation by area
全体(整体)计划;整体计划 intergrated planning
总收获 total yield
标准伐采量;保续伐采量或计划伐采量 prescribd yield
伐采基准计算法;标准伐采计算法 yield determination methods
收获查定 yield estimation;yield determination;assessment of yield
预备林 forest reserves;timber reserves
永续收获;永续生产 sustained yield
法正蓄积法 volume and increment control method
利用率法 yield determination using harvest percent
.收获规正(整) Yield regulation
分期;经营(周)期 e period
分期面积 periodic block
预备林设定(置) creation of volume reserve (trans.)
直径级归整收获规正;径级法yield regulation by diameter classes(trans.)
固定预备林 Fixing reserve; standing reserve
移动预备林 Flowing reserve; mobile reserve
间伐收获;中间(间伐)收获 intermediate felling yield
林道 forest road;haul road
林区;事业分区;作业区 block
直接运出 direct haulage
集水区;流域 catchment area
土砂路;土路 earth road; unpaved road;dirt road
林道网;林道系统forest road network; forest road system;road network
森林土地利用计划 forest land use planning
贮木;贮材 timber storage
运材 timber transport;wood transport
装材场;土场;贮木场 loading area;log yard
集材场;装卸场;土场 landing
集材距离;搬出距离 extraction distance
集材路;搬运(出)路;集材线 extraction rack(road);skid road
集材;搬出 extraction
架线集材;钢索集材 cable logging;cable extraction
索道;架空线;架线法 skyline system
架空线式;集材机集材;架空线集材 cable system;yarder cable way
运材距离 transport distance;hauling distance
伐倒木 timber felled, but not extracted(trans.)
林道计划 forest road contruction plan;roading plan
林木期望价;林分期望价 stand expectation value
立木价;林木价;林分价值 stand value;value of a stand
林木评价;林分评价 stand valuation
土地评价;土壤调查 land appraisal
土地期望价;林地价 soil expectation value
地价 land value
地租;土地年金 soil rent; soil rental ; annual equivalent
立木价 standing timber value;value standing
主伐收入financial returns from final cutting;financial returns from clear felling
间伐收入;疏伐(间伐)收入;经济间伐收获 financial returns from thinnings
森林资本;森林资产 forest capital
金钱收获;货币收获 monetary value; financial value
立木价格 stumpage;standing timber price
森林课税;森林税制 forest taxation
森林收益性 forest profitability;profitability of forestry
森林租金;森林纯收益 forest rent (al);forest returns
森林资产;森林价 Waldwert forest assets
森林评价法(学) forest valuation;forest appraisal
重置价值 replacement value
后价 future value
龄级分配(表) age class distribution
森林簿;林分(记录)簿;森林调查簿 stand description; crop description; stand assessment
森林簿 stand record
林班沿革簿;林分沿革表 history of stand
森林经营调查报告;森林经营计划 forest mnagement plan
收获规整(正);收获控制或管制 cutting control; felling control
财务计划;资金计划 financial plan
林地(分)登录 stand register
伐木(采)计划 cutting plan; felling plan; harvest plan
索引;标记;标号;指标值 indicators
造林计划 plan of silvicultral operations
施业簿;稽核簿 management records;control book
林相图;基本图 stand map
土壤图 soil map
林区总览图 large-scale forest map (trans.)
森林图集;林相图;森林图 forest map
伐采计划图 harvest plan map; map of harvest operations
土地台帐图 cadastral map; property map; cadastre
航空照相图 photo map; photographic map
正射投影图;正视投影图 orthophoto map
立地图;生育地图 site map; site type map
森林功(机)能(利用)图 forest functions map; forest land use maping
森林地籍簿 forest cadastre
施业图;事业图 management map